1,373 research outputs found

    Possible climate change impacts on water resources availability in a large semi-arid catchment in Northeast Brazil.

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    The semiarid region of Northeast Brazil is characterized by water scarcity, vulnerability of natural resources, and pronounced climatic variability. An integrated model has been developed to simulate this complex situation with an emphasis on a large-scale representation of hydrological processes and on the sensitivity to climate change. Regional climate change scenarios were obtained by empirical downscaling with large-scale climate information from different GCMs which differ strongly in their projections for future precipitation. The results show that due to these differences, it is still impossible to give quantitative values of the water availability in a forecast sense, i.e. to assign probabilities to the simulated results. However, it becomes clear that efficient and ecologically sound water management is a key question for further development. The results show that, independent of the climate change, agriculture is more vulnerable to drought impacts in the case of rainfed compared to irrigated farming. However, the capacity of irrigation and water infrastructure to enhance resilience with respect to climatic fluctuations is significantly constrained in the case of a negative precipitation trend

    Sustainability of small reservoirs and large scale water availability under current conditions and climate change

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    Semi-arid river basins often rely on reservoirs for water supply. Small reservoirs may impact on large-scale water availability both by enhancing availability in a distributed sense and by subtracting water for large downstream user communities, e.g. served by large reservoirs. Both of these impacts of small reservoirs are subject to climate change. Using a case-study on North-East Brazil, this paper shows that climate change impacts on water availability may be severe, and impacts on distributed water availability from small reservoirs may exceed impacts on centralised water availability from large reservoirs. Next, the paper shows that the effect of small reservoirs on water availability from large reservoirs may be significant, and increase both in relative and absolute sense under unfavourable climate change

    A implantação da Lei Geral e o desenvolvimento local no município de Caaporã, Zona da Mata Sul - PB

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    La présente étude est une analyse théorique descriptive exploratoire qui vise à répondre aux impacts administratifs et sociaux résultant de l'application de la loi générale , les municipalités. Approfondir l'étude sur l'applicabilité de la loi dans la municipalité de Caaporã . Il a été fondé sur les principes théoriques et épistémologiques directeurs de l'économiste et sociologue Mary Grace Street ( 1998) identifiant les innovations et les avantages qui découlent à la fois pour la gestion publique et de micro et petites entreprises . La recherche se compose de deux phases: la première a trait à la collecte de données effectuée en consultant les documents traitant de la législation générale et les données spécifiques de l'IBGE , le second porte sur l'applicabilité de la Loi ont été appliqués afin de vérifier l'applicabilité de dix-neuf (19) des questionnaires aux entreprises : l'agriculture familiale , l'élevage familial , de la nourriture , les partenaires d'activité et technique des activités . L'enquête s'est arrêté à la région de l'agriculture familiale viable pour la réalisation dans les autres segments. Les objectifs fixés ont été atteints. Les données ont été analysées en fonction de la fréquence et pourcentages présentés . Compte tenu de l' analyse des données obtenues sont venus à la conclusion que la mise en oeuvre de la Loi sur les municipalités sont une tentative pour stimuler le développement local faisant l'inclusion des petites et micro-entreprises dans le système formel. Données simultanées analysés recherche resalta Le partenariat existant dans le processus de développement local avec le Service brésilien d'appui aux micro et petites entreprises - SEBRAE mais aussi avec la BNB . Apooio soutien logistique et financier organe pour la mise en oeuvre de la loi sur les régions municipales. L'étude présente ses conclusions sur les indicateurs de données qui devraient guider les nouvelles initiatives visant à mettre en oeuvre la loi sur les régions municipales . En guise de contribution nomme dix principes directeurs qui devaient être adoptées dans les nouveaux déploiements de la loi.NenhumaO presente estudo trata de uma pesquisa exploratória teórica descritiva analítica, que teve como objetivo conhecer os impactos administrativos e sociais causados com a implantação de Lei Geral nos municípios. Aprofundou-se o estudo sobre a aplicabilidade da Lei no munícipio de Caaporã. Fundamentou-se teórica e epistemologicamente nos princípios norteadores da economista e socióloga Maria das Graças Rua (1998), identificando as inovações e os benefícios surgidos, tanto para a gestão pública como para os micro e pequenos empresários. A pesquisa constitui-se de dois momentos: o primeiro, referente à coleta de dados realizada mediante consulta aos documentos que tratam da Lei Geral e dados especificos do IBGE; e o segundo, trata da aplicabilidade da Lei. Para constatar a aplicabilidade foram aplicados dezenove (19) questionários a empresas: agricultura familiar, pecuária familiar, alimentação, atividades profissionais e atividades técnicas. A investigação deteve-se na aréa da agricultura familiar pela inviabilidade na realização nos outros segmentos. Os objetivos estabelecidos foram alcançados. Os dados foram analisados segundo a sua frequência e os percentuais apresentados. Diante da analise dos dados obtidos chegou-se à conclusão que a implantação da Lei nos municipios constitue uma tentativa de incrementar o desenvolvimento local, fazendo a inclusão das pequenas e micro empresas no sistema formal. Concomitantes aos dados analisados, a pesquisa ressalta a parceria existente no processo do desenvolvimento local com o Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas – SEBRAE como também com o Banco do Nordeste. Orgão de apoio logistico e financeiro para a implantação da Lei nos munícipios. O estudo apresenta em suas conclusões dados indicadores que deverão nortear novas iniciativas de implantação da Lei nos munícipios. Como contribuição, indica dez principios norteadores que deverão ser adotados em novas implantações da Lei

    Financiamento da Educação: Subsídios à Constituinte

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    Nesse artigo, pretendemos examinar algumas questões relacionadas com a filosofia da educação, com a filosofia de seu financiamento, com a gratuidade escolar, com o salário-educação e as empresas com a Emenda Constitucional nº24 (Emenda João Calmon) que vincula recursos mínimos da receita de impostos para a educação

    A contextualização da transferência de calor por condução radiação

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    Apresentar uma forma alternativa para ensinar os conceitos de transferência de calor por condução e por irradiação para os alunos do Ensino Médio. O processo fundamenta-se nas recomendações dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM), que recomendam que o ensino deva contemplar a interdisciplinaridade, o cotidiano e o desenvolvimento da capacidade do aprendiz em analisar fenômenos físicos. Esta pesquisa é uma tentativa de remover as dificuldades de aprendizado da Física, seguindo para isso as orientações do PCNEM, desenvolvendo um instrumental simples, oriundo de experiências cotidianas, para uso em sala de aula, no Ensino Médio. O conteúdo do trabalho foi elaborado a partir da construção de dois experimentos que envolvem o processo de transferência de calor por radiação térmica; e na análise de uma situação cotidiana que envolve a transferência de calor por condução. A partir disso os conceitos físicos envolvidos nas experiências foram apresentados de forma clara, relacionando-os, procurando sempre contextualizá-los, visando principalmente o bom entendimento por parte dos alunos. Além de conceitos básicos como calor e temperatura, outros assuntos pouco discutidos no Ensino Médio, como emissividade, a lei de Newton do resfriamento, e a lei de Stefan-Boltzmann, foram incluídos, mas primando sempre pela contextualização nas atividades realizadas

    Controle de orçamento: otimizando o acompanhamento e análise orçamentária por meio da construção de um Dashboard

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    The objective of this technological article is to identify improvement opportunities for the visualization of managerial data of the Management of People and Communication (DCGP), of a Brazilian Group formed by companies of the electric energy sector and that works with the distribution, transmission and services in this field. Through the experience within the company and the collection of qualitative data of the management sector of the company, the need was raised for the optimization of the monitoring and visualization of the budget data of the DCGP with the objective of making the process more agile and guarantee to the managers such information in a clearer, more practical and objective way. This will be presented as a solution to build a Dashboard in Excel to monitor the DCGP budget, a tool at no additional cost to the existing one, using several resources of the Excel tool such as: Graphs, Pivot Tables, Shapes, Hyperlinks, macros and VBA codes. These combined and structured features will give managers full view of the budget data for their area, as well as optimizing the data update of the worksheet that is done monthly.O objetivo deste artigo tecnológico é identificar oportunidades de melhoria para a visualização de dados gerenciais da Diretoria de Gestão de Pessoas e Comunicação (DCGP), de um Grupo brasileiro formado por empresas do setor de energia elétrica e que atua com a distribuição, transmissão e serviços neste ramo. Por meio da vivencia dentro da empresa e da coleta de dados qualitativos do setor gerencial da empresa, levantou-se a necessidade da otimização do acompanhamento e visualização dos dados orçamentários da DCGP com o objetivo de tornar o processo mais ágil e garantir aos gestores tal informação de maneira mais clara, prática e objetiva. Diante disso será apresentada como solução a construção de um Dashboard (Painel de Controle) em Excel para acompanhamento do orçamento da DCGP, uma ferramenta sem custo adicional ao existente, utilizando diversos recursos da ferramenta Excel como: Gráficos, tabelas dinâmicas, formas, hiperlinks, macros e códigos de VBA. Esses recursos combinados e estruturados darão aos gestores total visualização dos dados de orçamento de sua área, bem como a otimização da atualização dos dados da planilha que é feita mensalmente

    Boron concentration profiling by high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy in homoepitaxial delta-doped diamond layers

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    To develop further diamond related devices, the concentration and spatial location of dopants should be controlled down to the nanometer scale. Scanning transmission electron microscopy using the high angle annular dark field mode is shown to be sensitive to boron doping in diamond epilayers. An analytical procedure is described, whereby local boron concentrations above 1020 cm-3 were quantitatively derived down to nanometer resolution from the signal dependence on thickness and boron content. Experimental boron local doping profiles measured on diamond p-/p++/p- multilayers are compared to macroscopic profiles obtained by secondary ion mass spectrometry, avoiding reported artefacts.4 page

    Disclosing homogeneity within heterogeneity: A segmentation of Spanish active tourism based on motivational pull factors

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    In the context of postmodern tourism, active tourism has acquired great importance. This type of travel fits the tastes of the new tourist, who seeks new and differentiated experiences that deliver a diverse range of sensations. The present works aims at in depth exploring the profile of active tourists, with emphasis on the reasons that lead them to seek this kind of experiences. Given the framework provided by the push and pull theory, the aim of this study is to identify groups with homogeneous features in the heterogeneous collective of active tourists. Factor and cluster analysis, focused on a scale of pull factors, are sequentially applied to data obtained through an online questionnaire. The results show that the Spanish market of active tourism can be segmented into three groups ("health, novelty and cultural heritage seekers, adventure and fun seekers and professionals and health seekers neutral to pull factors"), where the importance attributed to different pull factors varies according to each group's push motivations. Specifically, those who engage in active tourism motivated by keeping healthy and discovering new places or people are those who most value the cultural heritage of the destination; those who engage in it seeking new sensations are those who most value the possibilities of having fun in the destination; and those who do it for professional reasons are indifferent towards the attractions of the destination. Nevertheless, regardless of the groups to which they belong, active tourists prioritize the richness of the natural surroundings when choosing a destination. Management implications: A better understanding of its target market is vital for active tourism destinations: • In the case of rural destinations, the segment of health, novelty and cultural heritage seekers could be a good target to which to offer hiking circuits, promoted through specialized guidebooks and magazines, which include interesting heritage resources. • Urban destinations, especially coastal ones, could seek to attract the adventure and fun seekers segment through an offer of exciting and fun activities, whose promotion, preferably carried out through social networking sites, would highlight the possibilities of nightlife. • Every destination should prioritize the protection and improvement of the natural surroundings

    Aesthetic Literacy in Young People’s and Adults’ Awareness From a Developmental Learning Perspective

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    In Brazilian schools, many teachers do not organize their teaching and students’ tasks and actions in a way that facilitates theoretical thinking based on the abstraction and generalization of the work content. Because many students struggle to accomplish the tasks and actions themselves, teachers guide them. Over time, the students begin to have more autonomy in executing the proposed activities, as they completed mental operations while learning. This article aims to investigate how young people’s and adults’ awareness of the countryside is formed based on visual elements and writing, facilitating an understanding of their reality. A didactic–formative experiment was performed based on the cultural–historical theory. The comic books produced by the participants allowed them to develop their overall thinking, moving from the abstract to the concrete. They also formed an awareness of reality, which allowed them to have greater autonomy in the production of these stories as a means of representation and transformation of reality
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